Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLS) is a rare, biologically heterogeneous cancer, which occurs in retroperitoneum, lining of the abdominal space that covers the abdominal organs. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma grow continuously and may not get diagnosed until they are very large thus, its prognosis is poor compared to the other subtypes of retroperitoneal sarcomas. The reason for the development of these tumors are still unknown, however, genetic mutation is considered to be one of the factors leading to the generation of these tumors. Incidence of this disease is equal in men and women, with a slight predominance of men. This tumor has no characteristic symptoms and are usually diagnosed during the advanced stage.
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Furthermore, the effectiveness of radiotherapy or chemotherapy for the treatment of this tumor is not properly defined, as they are massive in size and might involve adjacent visceral organs and critical structures. However, affected population who received adjuvant chemotherapy showed survival benefits and improvement, as compared to patients who underwent surgery alone. In the case of surgeries, sometimes, preoperative radiation is given to shrink the tumor. This allows smaller doses of radiation to a smaller field and make the surgery technically more feasible.
The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) is currently conducting a randomized trial comparing 50.4 Gy (Gray-unit to measure radiation therapy) of pre-operative radiation therapy with short-course radiotherapy, followed by surgery to direct surgery alone. Thus, continuous researches that are being conducted for the development of treatment for this disease is expected to create lucrative opportunities in the retroperitoneal liposarcoma treatment market during the forecast period.